Achievements
MECHANISM AND TECHNICAL FRAMEWORK OF GROUNDWATER RESOURCE DYNAMIC ASSESSMENT
Zhang Yongbo, Zhang Lizhong, Zhou Xiaoyuan
(Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, CAGS,
Abstract: In full consideration of groundwater resource dynamic change characteristics and the actual requirements of the national economic development as well, the mechanism and technical framework of groundwater resource dynamic assessment with the information technique as the support have been put forward. During the concrete work, in combination with the nationwide groundwater resource data characteristics, the present work and the application of the new techniques, the dynamic assessment platform containing data collection, resource assessment, data sharing and service with the independent groundwater system as the unit has been set up; The interconnection and coordination between the independent groundwater dynamic assessment platforms with the basis of network environment and the WEB mechanism have been realized and the website to provide the data sharing and service to the public has also been established.
Key words: groundwater, assessment, database, information system, dynamic state
1 Introduction
Through the
long-term effort of the hydrogeologists, a great number of hydrogeological
investigation and comprehensive research achievements have been obtained, the
rich experiences have been accumulated and groundwater division system of
Groundwater is in a state of continuous movement and change, representing evident dynamic state. With the rapid development of national economy, as dynamic factor influencing human existing environment, groundwater resource has been increasingly taken into consideration and it also makes up the important factor for making out the nation and local development planning. These no doubt show that the periodical nationwide groundwater resource assessment cannot meet the needs of national economy development. How to realize the dynamic assessment process of the groundwater resource, and how to provide the real time groundwater resource information service have become the issue of prime importance in the hydrogeological investigation work.
With the rapid development of information technique, the demand for the digital information with the data sharing and application as the purpose in the aspect of groundwater resource is more and more pressing. Now the conditions for constructing the dynamic platform based network environment and large database system is ready. First of all, large GIS technique based on the network environment and large database system has already been perfect, which can provide the technical guarantee for constructing large groundwater resource assessment system, secondly, the information in the groundwater resource has been carried out for many years and so many experiences have been obtained and large number of professionals who engaged in the database construction and application haven been trained. And at last the method, theory and practice of groundwater resource assessment with 3D as the representative have been also mature, and the model software package suitable for the calculation processing related to hydrogeology has formed, laying the foundation for constructing the groundwater dynamic assessment platform.
2 Basic Thought of Groundwater Dynamic Assessment Platform
Groundwater dynamic assessment platform is a system engineering of hydrogeological investigation work, involving a series of the working thought adjustments and the construction of digitalized work environment with the information application technique as the objective. In a word, the groundwater dynamic assessment platform is comprehensive integration and final target of information technique application, and also is an integrated system of groundwater resource data gathering, processing and data issuing based on the network environment, with hydrogeological investigation/groundwater dynamic monitoring/comprehensive research as the professional support and dababase/network/large GIS as the technical support. In addition, the server cluster of the high-performance server, specialist working terminal, large database system, groundwater resource software make up the core of the dynamic platform.
The groundwater dynamic assessment platform is large application software system, the general designing should represent the informationism of working flow process of groundwater resource investigation in consideration with the application level of this trade. The basic thought should be followed in the performance:
1) To emphasize the initial importance of groundwater resource database construction, showing that the database is the base and guarantee of whole system operation; to take importance to database construction in the informationism work of groundwater resource investigation and realize the continuous renewal of data.
2) The application and adoption of new information technique are the precondition and basis for raising the informationism level of groundwater research. With regards to the data sharing and service, the grid technique application can be taken as the advanced technique of the system construction, and application of new technique should be fully considered in the designing process.
3) To present the dynamic property and high efficiency of groundwater resource assessment process and establish effective organization management system and operation system so as to ensure data’s dynamic renewal and high-effective operation.
4) To effectively process the spatial property of groundwater data, take the three-dimensional visualization study as the key to raise the whole system and make it applied in the software of different stages.
5) The public good property of groundwater resource assessment should be fully presented through the application of the information technique. The data sharing and social service should be raised to a new height and should be always taken as the main in the system designing.
3 Groundwater Dynamic Assessment Structure
The groundwater dynamic assessment informationism platform is to apply the information technique in groundwater resource investigation assessment, to realize the digitalization process of the main procedure of groundwater resource investigation assessment and dynamic process of groundwater resource assessment, and finally to achieve the digital management, sharing and social service of the relative data. In structure, the groundwater dynamic assessment platform is composed of distributed regional dynamic assessment platform systems, which are interlinked by the network so that the data and application software can be shared. Based on this, the social service window of all-China groundwater dynamic assessment platform with the invented characteristics and relative groundwater resource investigation assessment technical supporting center have been established.
3.1 All-China dynamic assessment platform framework
The groundwater dynamic assessment platform is established based on the network framework. With the three-stage network system of the China Geological Survey as the basis, the regional dynamic assessment platform and the unified social service web (groundwater resource investigation assessment support center) has been established in accordance with the groundwater system. Fig.1 shows the structure of groundwater dynamic assessment platform.
Fig.1 Groundwater dynamic assessment platform regional component and structure
The network environment of groundwater dynamic assessment platform is supported by the three-stage network system of the China Geological Survey. Although Fig.1 shows the dynamic platform network linking structure based on the groundwater system, yet it is a form of expression. In actual, each dynamic assessment platform system will be linked to the supporting unit, which is a component of three-stage network system of the China Geological Survey.
3.2 Groundwater dynamic assessment platform composition
The groundwater dynamic assessment platform is a whole concept, consisting of various server clusters linked by the network, In the light of function it covers: groundwater dynamic assessment platform web, professional data processing center, regional dynamic platform system. In the actual construction, the groundwater dynamic assessment platform web and all-China dynamic assessment platform perhaps are one server cluster system.
1) groundwater dynamic assessment platform web
The web page is the entrance of groundwater resource investigation assessment social service, at same time it is also the link of each server cluster system (regional dynamic assessment platform system) and is the window of groundwater dynamic assessment platform to the social service.
Groundwater dynamic assessment platform web is only the window without the real content;
‚The web is the client interface of groundwater dynamic assessment platform social service;
ƒThe web manages the all functions to the social clients of dynamic assessment platform in the form of service;
„The each server cluster can be linked through the above-said web.
2) professional data processing center
The all-China groundwater dynamic platform is an independent server cluster system and a background support of groundwater dynamic assessment platform web, possessing the following functions:
All-China water resources data regional summary ( trans-groundwater system);
Registration and management of regional dynamic platform system service;
Application software sharing and social service.
3)regional dynamic assessment platform system
The regional dynamic assessment platform system is the core of the whole groundwater dynamic assessment platform, which undertakes the service data sharing and data processing to the public. In the light of division of the provinces (municipalities or autonomous regions), it may be a network system, constituting a regional dynamic assessment platform system based on the different administrative division units, for example, the North China Plain will cover Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Beijing and Tianjin.
4 Construction of Digitalization Working Rnvironment of the Substantial Platform
The regional groundwater dynamic assessment platform system is set up with the groundwater system as the unit, it actually is relatively-independent operation mechanism database and software system, namely, it is a digitalization working environment specially for the groundwater resource investigation (Fig. 2).
Fig. 2 Software and database system diagram of groundwater dynamic assessment platform system
4.1 Data gathering and database management (in PDA and PC environment)
The regional groundwater dynamic assessment platform system possesses independent data gathering system to realize the groundwater resource investigation data gathering and the regional database management.
Field data gathering system: working in the PDA environment to realize the input process of data obtained in the field investigation;
Field data gathering table system: Working in the Pc environment to realize the database construction and management of data obtained in the field;
Data processing and data input system: working in the PC environment to realize the data processing available and input and complete the initial database construction;
Groundwater resource investigation information system: Working in the PC environment to realize the gathering of various databases and realize the management to the regional comprehensive database;
Fig.3 Data work environment software and applied system of substantial platform
4.2 Digitalized working environment (regional network environment)
The core of regional groundwater dynamic assessment platform system is to operate in the regional network environment, allocate large database and application management system, install the relative groundwater resources data processing software and finally realize the coordinated operation of the software.
Database management system: A client terminal software, and a large database to manage the regional network service terminal, in possess of data inquiry and application, but having the strict restraint to the download by the clients;
Three-dimensional model system of groundwater system: It can realize the construction and display of three-dimensional geological model based on the database;
Groundwater model system: a numerical simulation software for the groundwater model system;
Groundwater migration display system: A groundwater migration display based on the three-dimensional hydrogeological system and simulation calculation structure and simulation calculation structure.
4.3 Construction of data issuing and data sharing system
Each independent regional groundwater dynamic assessment platform possesses the ability of data issuing and data sharing and large database based on digitalized working environment provides data service to the geological departments and the public.
To provide the hydrogeological basic data service to the authorized clients;
To provide the comprehensive achievement socialized service to the general clients;
To provide the data processing and information social service to the general clients;
To provide large-size calculation and software sharing service to the hydrogeologists.
5 Operation and Maintenance Mechanism of the System
The groundwater dynamic assessment platform will provide the public good software sharing, basic data service and comprehensive information service to the geological departments and other departments as well. The maintenance and renewal mechanism will be the key for the normal operation of the system.
5.1 Software system maintenance
The software setup of groundwater dynamic assessment platform is a complicated system, the serial software systems such as PDA, PC and INTERNET come from the different development institutions, or perhaps come from the ready-made software, so it is difficult to maintain by own institution, thus, the unified maintenance mechanism should be set up so as to represent the public good characteristics.
Organized by the China Geological Survey, the long-term financial support should be given to the project;
To further develop and renew the WEB applied service with the geological features;
To organize the purchase and installation of WEB service with the common features.
5.2 Data resources maintenance
The hydrogeological investigation basic data and comprehensive research achievements is a long-term accumulation process. Any department and institution has no ability of possessing the whole data resources. In principle, the data maintenance should be organized by the China Geological Survey and each regional platform is managed by each institution and marketing mechanism. The geological data have come from the following aspects:
Data accumulated in long-term the geological work;
Public good data obtained in the land and resources investigation;
Data obtained in other projects
5.3 System operation maintenance
The system operation needs the support of the fund and equipment, in principle, the China Geological Survey is in charge of the system maintenance and rational fee should be collected.
6 Conclusion
It is very difficult to describe the groundwater system in detail because of burial characteristics, which is just the basis for groundwater resource investigation and assessment. The groundwater informationism is with hydrogeological work as the basis, even the informationism technique must be also restrained by research degree of groundwater investigation, thus making the groundwater resource informationism, including the database construction and development of applied software, very difficult.
The final objective of the groundwater informationism is to realize the digitalization of the groundwater investigation work for the whole process, including field data gathering, data management, data processing and data issuing. The groundwater dynamic assessment platform is designed based on the above objective and it is highly integration of long-term information technique application research achievements, so it can change greatly the process and mode of the groundwater resource assessment and has created the public good socialized data sharing pattern. However, it must be admitted that the groundwater dynamic assessment platform is a huge system engineering, which includes a series of hardware and software construction and development of a great quantity of the applied software. At same time, the important data sharing and service mechanism and policy should be solved, showing the difficulty of constructing the groundwater dynamic assessment platform.